Аннотация:The PM10 concentrations in the studied region (Ostravsko-karvinska agglomeration,Czech Republic) exceed air pollution limit values in the long-term and pose a significant problem forhuman health, quality of life and the environment. In order to characterize the pollution in the regionand identify the pollution origin, Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was employedfor determination of 34 elements in PM10 samples collected at a height of 90 m above ground level.From April 2018 to March 2019, 111 PM10 samples from eight basic wind directions and calm andtwo smog situations were sampled. The elemental composition significantly varied depending onseason and sampling conditions. The contribution of three important industrial sources (iron andsteelworks, cement works) was identified, and the long-range cross-border transport representingthe pollution from the Polish domestic boilers confirmed the most important pollution inflow duringthe winter season.