Simulation of the background from 13C(α, n)16O reaction in the JUNO scintillator

Adam, T.; Anfimov, N.; Antoshkina, T.; Balashov, N.; Bessonov, N.; Biktemerova, S.; Bolshakova, A.; Chepurnov, A.; Chetverikov, A.; Chukanov, A.; Dmitrievsky, S.; Dolzhikov, D.; Fedoseev, D.; Gonchar, M.; Gornushkin, Y.; Gromov, M.; Kouzakov, K.; Lubsandorzhiev, B.; Naumov, D.V.; Nikolaev, A.; Olshevskiy, A.; Popov, A.; Rybnikov, A.; Sharov, V.; Smirnov, O.; Stankevich, K.; Strizh, M.; Studenikin, A.; Tkachev, I.; Vialkov, M.; Zavadskyi, V.; JUNO, C.

Авторы: Adam Thomas, Anfimov Nikolay, Antoshkina Tatiana, Balashov Nikita, Bessonov Nikita, Biktemerova Svetlana, Bolshakova Anastasia, Chepurnov Alexander, Chetverikov Alexey, Chukanov Artem, Dmitrievsky Sergey, Dolzhikov Dmitry, Fedoseev Dmitry, Gonchar Maxim, Gornushkin Yuri, Gromov Maxim, Kouzakov Konstantin, Lubsandorzhiev Bayarto, Naumov Dmitry V., Nikolaev Alexey, Olshevskiy Alexander, Popov Artem, Rybnikov Arseniy, Sharov Vladislav, Smirnov Oleg, Stankevich Konstantin, Strizh Mikhail, Studenikin Alexander, Tkachev Igor, Vialkov Maxim, Zavadskyi Vitalii, JUNO Collaboration
Журнал: European Physical Journal C
Том: 85
Номер: 9
Год издания: 2025
Издательство: Springer Verlag
Местоположение издательства: Germany
Номер статьи: 1080
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14333-4
Аннотация: Large-scale organic liquid scintillator detectors are highly efficient in the detection of MeV-scale electron antineutrinos. These signal events can be detected through inverse beta decay on protons, which produce a positron accompanied by a neutron. A noteworthy background for antineutrinos coming from nuclear power reactors and from the depths of the Earth (geoneutrinos) is generated by (\alpha, n) reactions. In organic liquid scintillator detectors, \alpha particles emitted from intrinsic contaminants such as ^{238}U, ^{232}Th, and ^{210}Pb/^{210}Po, can be captured on ^{13}C nuclei, followed by the emission of a MeV-scale neutron. Three distinct interaction mechanisms can produce prompt energy depositions preceding the delayed neutron capture, leading to a pair of events correlated in space and time within the detector. Thus, (\alpha, n) reactions represent an indistinguishable background in liquid scintillator-based antineutrino detectors, where their expected rate and energy spectrum are typically evaluated via Monte Carlo simulations. This work presents results from the open-source SaG4n software, used to calculate the expected energy depositions from the neutron and any associated de-excitation products. Also simulated is a detailed detector response to these interactions, using a dedicated Geant4-based simulation software from the JUNO experiment. An expected measurable ^{13}C(\alpha, n)^{16}O event rate and reconstructed prompt energy spectrum with associated uncertainties, are presented in the context of JUNO, however, the methods and results are applicable and relevant to other organic liquid scintillator neutrino detectors.
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Simulation of the background from 13C(α, n)16O reaction in the JUNO scintillatorстатья Исследовательская статья

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