Graphite foil derived from graphite intercalation compounds with HNO3/H3PO4: Role of phosphoric compounds in oxidation suppression

Efimov, D.V.; Ivanov, A.V.; Maksimova, N.V.; Divitskaya, D.A.; Lukiantsev, M.I.; Mukhanov, V.A.; Kalachev, I.L.; Syunyakova, S.M.; Avdeev, V.V.

Авторы: Efimov Dmitriy V., Ivanov Andrei V., Maksimova Natalia V., Divitskaya Daria A., Lukiantsev Mikhail I., Mukhanov Vladimir A., Kalachev Igor L., Syunyakova Safiya M., Avdeev Victor V.
Журнал: Diamond and Related Materials
Том: 159
Год издания: 2025
Издательство: Elsevier BV
Местоположение издательства: Netherlands
Первая страница: 112904
Номер статьи: 112904
DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112904
Аннотация: Graphite foil (GF) is a widely used high-temperature sealing material, produced by pressing exfoliated graphite, which is prepared through the thermal treatment of expandable graphite. Expandable graphite, in turn, is obtained from graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) with strong Bronsted acids. However, the operational temperature of GF is limited by its oxidation threshold in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. This study focuses on enhancing the thermal stability of GF by utilizing GICs with HNO3/H3PO4. XRD analysis revealed that the intercalation of H3PO4 into GIC with HNO3 increases the interlayer spacing compared to HNO3 alone. Sequential water washing of GICs with HNO3/H3PO4, followed by thermal expansion, leads to the formation of phosphorus-containing exfoliated graphite. IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of polyphosphoric compounds bonded to the graphite matrix via C-O-P bonds, formed through the decomposition of H3PO4. Thermogravimetric analysis of the resulting phosphorus-enriched GF demonstrated a tenfold reduction in oxidation rate and mass loss at elevated temperatures. Additionally, the oxidation kinetic was studied using thermogravimetric curves. The increased apparent activation energy of graphite oxidation indicates enhancement thermal stability of phosphorus-containing graphite foil, suggesting that phosphorus-modified GF is a promising candidate for high-temperature applications. Выходные данные: Efimov D.V., Ivanov A.V., Maksimova N.V., Divitskaya D.A., Lukiantsev M.I., Mukhanov V.A., Kalachev I.L., Syunyakova S.M., Avdeev V.V. Graphite foil derived from graphite intercalation compounds with HNO3/H3PO4: Role of phosphoric compounds in oxidation suppression. // Diamond and Related Materials. 2025. V. 159. P. 112904. DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112904; Received: 15 July 2025; Accepted: 26 September 2025; Available online: 28 September 2025; Published: November 2025; Дата и номер экспертного заключения: 10.06.2025 N112.2118.2025
Добавил в систему: Иванов Андрей Владимирович

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Graphite foil derived from graphite intercalation compounds with HNO3/H3PO4: Role of phosphoric compounds in oxidation suppressionстатья

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