Spacer-controlled structure and luminescence of Eu3+ complexes with bis-1,3-diketone calix[4]arenesстатьяИсследовательская статья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 1 октября 2025 г.
Аннотация:The complex formation and spectral properties of the isostructural cone and 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene isomers bearing pairs of 1,3-diketone groups, anchored via their carbonyl carbon atoms to the phenolic oxygen atoms of a macrocyclic platform by alkyl spacers of various lengths, were studied comparatively. The combined UV–Vis, NMR spectroscopy and Density functional Theory (DFT) calculations data indicate that presence of long propyl spacers is a prerequisite for the predominant formation of intramolecular monomeric or dimeric complexes both for cone and 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene isomers in DMF solutions. Shortening the length of the spacers to methylene ones leads to the formation of more conformationally rigid Eu3+ polymer complexes with a chain structure which exhibit significantly higher luminescent efficiency compared to the aforementioned monomeric and dimeric complexes. The presence of tert-butyl groups at the upper rim of the macrocyclic platform contributes to an additional increase in the luminescence of the complexes. The established influence of the structural features of bis-1,3-diketo-calix[4]arenes on their properties allows for the rational design of the ligands to control their complex formation and luminescence of complexes.