Аннотация:This paper presents the first results ofexperimental modeling of the formation of native metals (Fe, Ni, Co) in the Earth's crust during the interaction of basalt melts with fluid (H2+ CH4) at temperatures (1100 - 1250 °C) and fluid pressures (10-100 MPa) under strongly reducing conditions f(O2)=10-12-10-14 MPa. Based on experimental modeling, the following features of the interaction of the reducing fluid with basalt melts have been established: 1. Despite the high reduction potential of the (H2 + CH4) + magmatic melt system, the reactions of hydrogen oxidation and complete reduction of metal oxides of variable valence in the melt do not proceed to the end.The cessation of redox reactions in the basalt melt occurs due to the formation of H2O in the melt, buffering the reduction potential of the fluid (H2+ CH4). 2. The complex process of metal-silicate liquation in magmatic melts during their interaction with the reducing fluid can be carried out at real temperatures of magmas in nature (≤ 1250 °C). 3.Carbon, which is formed in experiments due to pyrolysis of CH4, is dissolved in the metallic phase. Thus, the mechanism responsible for the presence of carbon in native iron in nature has been experimentally substantiated.
