Место издания:P eking University Deqing China, http://ics15.cssr.org.cn/Index.asp
Первая страница:5
Последняя страница:5
Аннотация:Storm time substorms are often considered as a distinct type of substorms, based on the assumption that tail reconnection plays a role in the development of an ordinary substorm in the absence of storms. However, the presence of high levels of tail turbulence allows for the identification of reconnection-type disturbances and bursty bulk flows (BBFs) even before the onset of any substorm, meanwhile not all BBFs can be linked to substorm development. Storm time substorms result in particle injection within the magnetosphere, the development of the ring current, and an increase in magnetospheric convection. However, a clear increase in SYM-H is also observed following strong ordinary substorms. Substorm dipolarizations lead to sharp increases in energetic electron fluxes. Recent studies have shown that substorm dipolarizations deep inside the magnetosphere towards Earth, in the region of magnetic field depression caused by the ring current, are the main mechanism for relativistic electron acceleration in the outer radiation belt (ORB), contrary to previous discussions on acceleration by chorus waves over many hours. These new findings require a re-analysis of the origins of magnetospheric substorms, suggesting that storm time substorms share the same nature as ordinary substorms and can be explained without assuming the dominant role of reconnection. Here we present the latest findings on the nature of substorms and the formation of the ORB, while identifying key directions that can contribute to achieving a self-consistent understanding of the processes leading to magnetic storm development and ORB formation. Our analysis is based on the study of magnetospheric pressure stability and the validity of Tverskaya's relation, which links the position of the ORB maximum after a storm with the magnitude of the Dst/SYM-H minimum after the storm. This relation holds true for the vast majority of storms analyzed.