Features of a long-term heat flux formation of the large Russian Arctic rivers and its transformations in estuaries under the influence of climate-induced and dam-induced effectsстатья
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка Web of Science и/или Scopus
Аннотация:Heat flux of the large rivers flowing into the Arctic seas of Russia is relatively great and plays an important role in the thermal and ice state of the lower reaches of these rivers and southern part of the Arctic seas. However, estimates of total value of a heat flux and its spatial-temporal distribution are require clarification. In these research we analyzed monthly and yearly water temperature data from 55 gauges and water flow data from 35 gauges in the lower reaches of the rivers of the Russian Arctic northerner of 60 N. These rivers are: Onega, Northern Dvina, Mezen, Pechora, Ob, Nadym, Pur, Taz, Yenisei, Khatanga, Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma and their main tributaries. The series of collected data cover the period from 1930 to 2018, but the base period is 1960-2018. We used Spearman trend tests, and Mann-Whitney U-test to clarify changes in thermal regime of these rivers. Our estimations showed that heat flux did not significantly increase in past 3 decades on most of rivers, except Yenisei and Yana lowlands. Water temperatures on rivers are monotonic increased after 1960, especially in May and June, but also without statistical significance. The role of dams in water temperature regime is observed for near 500 km lower from dam, but it is not observed in their lowlands and mouths. We also identified the decrease of water temperatures, and, consequently, a heat flux in river lowlands, estuaries and deltas up to 25% for Yenisei lowlands.
