Аннотация:The article analyzes the scientific works of modern domestic researchers on various aspects of prosecutorial supervision in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. Particular attention is paid to the factors that reduce the effectiveness of prosecutorial supervision in the field of environmental protection, as well as to improving measures concerning the supervisory activities of prosecutor's office in the field of ecology. When writing this article, we used both general scientific (generalization, comparison, analysis, and synthesis) and historical (comparative-historical and historical-typological) research methods. Based on the results of historiographic analysis, it was concluded that the subject under the consideration, i.e. “Prosecutorial supervision in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources” has been very popular among Russian legal scholars over the last decade. In the 2010s, a large number of dissertations on this issue appeared in Russia, in which the authors presented theoretical and methodological foundations of the organization and implementation of prosecutorial supervision in the ecological environment. As a result, the scientific research on various aspects of prosecutorial supervision in the field of environmental protection has become one of the tools to increase the effectiveness of prosecutorial supervision in the field of environmental safety.