Дележ ограниченными ресурсами у детей и подростков охотников-собирателей (хадза) и земледельцев (ираку) в контексте представлений об эволюционных основах альтруизма у человека

Бутовская, М.Л.; Дронова, Д.А.; Карелин, Д.В.

Авторы: Бутовская М.Л., Дронова Д.А., Карелин Д.В.
Журнал: Stratum plus: Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2021
Издательство: Периодическое издание "Stratum plus"
Местоположение издательства: Кишинев
Первая страница: 17
Последняя страница: 37
Аннотация: The study of the evolution of altruism and cooperation in human society is one of the central topics of modern anthropology. A promising approach to solving this problem is a comparative study of the behavior of cooperation and sharingof limited resources in a cross-cultural and ontogenetic perspective. The aim of this study was to analyze the principles of sharing the limited resources among children in two traditional African societies: Hadza and Iraqw. A statistical assessment of the contribution of a number of factors to the adoption of prosocial, egoistic and altruistic decisions in the direction ofmembers of own group and strangers is presented. The sample was represented by 240 children and adolescents (130 Hadza and 110 Iraqw). Studies were conducted in rural areas of Northern Tanzania. The current results, along with the data on Meru children, obtained by us earlier, revealed that positive social selectivity (friendship) has an important stimulating role in making decisions of a prosocial and altruistic nature in children and adolescents in traditional African societies. For huntergatherers, the percentage of individuals focused on selfish and mixed sharing strategies, both in direction of friends and strangers, was higher compared with farmers. Along with that, we demonstrated a positive association between the adoption of altruistic decisions about sharing and the subjective happiness. Presumably, such association is a human universal.
Добавил в систему: Карелин Дмитрий Витальевич

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