Аннотация:Types, zoning and state of the seashores of Sevastopol.
A study of the current conditions of the Black Sea shores near the city of Sevastopol was conducted from 20 to 27 June 2015 as a part of the Crimean Expedition of the Lomonosov Moscow State University Faculty of Geography. Fieldworks were carried out under support of the Russian Geographical Society. In total, the expedition surveyed 125 km of coast, from the Orlovka beach to the Cape Sarych. It investigated 90% of the total shoreline length of the Sevastopol area (140 km). Coastal classification was based on distinguishing 16 morphogenetic types and subtypes. Wave erosion-dominated coasts occupy 44% of the studied shoreline distance, anthropogenic – 40 %, primary (tectonic and ingressive without evidences of coastal erosion or deposition) – 14% and accumulative – 2%. The 1:25000 scale map of the coastal morphogenetic types was compiled. Six areas have been distinguished having relatively uniform coastal zone geomorphic structure, but significantly different from its neighbors. Each of these areas has been give detailed description, including determination of potentially hazardous geomorphic processes. In addition, prediction of the coastal zone evolution separately for each area has been proposed for the next several decades.
The Northern area is characterized by the most unstable coasts and highest wave erosion rates (up to 5 m/year). It can be suggested that science-based qualified measures for coastal protection should be developed for that area in the near future. Otherwise, the number of potentially destructive or even catastrophic events caused by coastal erosion and the associated landslide activity can soon increase dramatically. The second degree of coastal geomorphological risk is observed for the area of the Laspi Bay. Development and construction in that area is carried out without adequate assessment of the degree of landslide hazard. There are also areas at risk of flooding in case of the projected increase of the Black sea level – the Sevastopol Bay and the North-Herakleian area – the most intensively urbanized. The areas with the most stable coasts – South-Herakleian and the Gulf Megalo-Yalo.
