Аннотация:duction
A major earthquake and devastating tsunami on
11 March 2011 caused a nuclear accident at the
Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), which
resulted in contamination of a wide range of terrestrial and
freshwater environments by 134Cs (Т1/2=2.06 years)
and 137Cs (Т1/2=30.17 years) (Hirose, 2012).
Radiocesium deposition north-west of the NPP (see Fig.
1) resulted in a trace of contamination 50-70 km long and
20 km wide (Hirose, 2012; МЕХТ, 2012). The initial ratio
of 134Cs/137Cs isotopes in the Fukushima fallout was about
one (Hirose, 2012). The contribution of 134Cs to the
radioactive contamination of soils, as compared to 137Cs,
decreases over time due to its more rapid decay. The
contaminated territory of Fukushima Prefecture is
characterized by a differentiated hydrographic network,
which includes the largest river of the area – Abukuma
gawa. All the rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.
Catchments of the rivers contaminated because of the
FDNPP accident have become a long-term source of
secondary contamination of water bodies by surface
runoff and radiocesium flux to the ocean.
The purpose of this work was to assess the mobility
and bioavailability of Fukushima derived radiocesium (r-Cs)
in “soil-water” systems by monitoring r-Cs in the rivers,
ponds and reservoirs of the contaminated areas, as well as
their catchments, in close proximity to the FDNPP
