Аннотация:In the long historical perspective Russian and Turkish foreign policy have been deeply affected by the shared neighbourhood of the wider Black Sea region and the Caucasus with which both countries possess multifaceted security, political, economic and cultural ties. This paper highlights the complex nature of Russia-Turkey cooperative and competitive relation with the special focus on the wider Black Sea region and the Caucasus since the 1990s. It argues that while the general features of cooperation between Ankara and Moscow in the mentioned above areas are well known, the competition is equally strong. Given the fragile nature of Russia-Turkey strategic partnership this cooperation-competition nexus demands a more comprehensive and multi-level approach to the ways how the competitive interests of Russia and Turkey in the Black Sea region might be turned into a well-grounded cooperation.