ИСТИНА

изучении физиологических механизмов действия брассиностероидов на процессы поглощения растениями ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) ионов алюминия и тяжелых металлов и устойчивость к их действию в условиях полиметаллического загрязнения среды.

The project aims to solve a fundamental problem of general biological interest - to elucidate the mechanisms of the protective action of brassinosteroids when plants adapt to the conditions of technogenic (polymetallic) pollution. Brassinosteroids are able to increase the resistance of plants to a wide range of adverse environmental factors, including the action of heavy metals. The solution to this problem is important for understanding the strategy of plant survival in extreme conditions. The relevance of the declared topic is determined by the fact that currently hundreds of millions of hectares of land are contaminated with salts of heavy metals and aluminum, which is accompanied by a decrease in the productivity of agrocenoses, environmental degradation and the emergence of risks for animals and humans due to the contamination of food and feed with toxic elements. In contrast to the overwhelming majority of work performed in this field, we will study the mechanisms of the protective action of various groups of brassinosteroids to the complex effect of a number of heavy metals and aluminum in an acidic environment, which brings the experimental conditions as close as possible to the conditions of plant growth under technogenic pollution of agricultural and ecosystems. A correlation will be established between plant resistance to polymetallic stress and changes in the endogenous spectrum and the level of various groups and types of brassinosteroids, which will allow one to regulate plant resistance to heavy metals using specific types of exogenous brassinosteroids. The endogenous content of brassinosteroids will be regulated by treating plants with the most effective phytosteroids and suppressing the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids by specific inhibitors. We hypothesized that the protective effect of brassinosteroids under technogenic stress can be realized through the following physiological mechanisms: (1) activation of cellular antioxidant systems to maintain redox status under stress; (2) regulation of the influx of heavy metal ions into root cells and the translocation of ions to above-ground organs; (3) changes in the ion-exchange properties of the components of the root cell wall under conditions of polymetallic contamination, aimed at enhancing its barrier function and (4) activation of the system of intracellular chelation of heavy metals due to phytochelatins and metallothioneins. In the process of carrying out the work, it is planned to use modern physiological, biochemical and molecular biological methods and approaches to verify the above hyportesis. Work will be done on barley plants. The implementation of this project will make a significant contribution to elucidating the protective effects of brassinosteroids under the combined action of salts of heavy metals and aluminum and will contribute to the development of new technologies for increasing stress tolerance and plant productivity under conditions of technogenic pollution.