Аннотация:«MODIFICATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF NATURAL POROUS MATERIALS BY THE EXAMPLE OF MATRIX OPALS IN AUSTRALIA».
The volume of the master's thesis is 104 pages, on which 49 figures and 26 tables are placed. When writing the dissertation, 49 literary sources were used.
Key words: porosity, open porosity, volumetric porosity, permeability, clearness, specific surface, matrix opals, carbonization, coalification, microclavage, hydrothermal etching, chemical etching, hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic shock, petrographic section.
The object of the study when writing the work was natural matrix opalized rocks, which are porous systems. The main purpose of the work was to increase the permeability and improve the pore confinement, which subsequently provides a better carbonization enhancement. To create a more porous porous system, mineral and petrographic composition, permeability, porosity and specific surface were studied. Based on the results of preliminary studies, for the first time in the scientific community, a classification of matrix opals was proposed, which is of significant practical importance, described in a number of publications, and which is later to be presented to the Australian gemological community.
To achieve this goal, such experiments have been conducted on the modification of Australia's matrix opals, like microclavia, chemical etching in 18% NH4HF2 solution and in a solution of 18% NH4HF2 with 20% H2SO4, hydrothermal etching in an autoclave with 5% NH4HF2 solution and 5% NaOH solution .
As a result, all the proposed methods allowed to increase the permeability of matrix opals to some extent. After the microclisting method, the volumetric and open porosity values increased insignificantly, approximately 1.5 times, without changing external features. And such a method as hydrothermal etching in a 5% solution of NaOH proved to be the most effective and increased the permeability of matrix opals by almost 5 times, but the porous space was significantly expanded, as a result of which the strength of matrix opal can decrease.