ИСТИНА

Научный доклад (45 мин) уходящего Президента международного общества морфологов беспозвоночных (ISIM) на 5 Конгрессе по морфологии беспозвоночных (ICIM5), состоявшегося в Вене, Австрия, август 2022г. the International Congress on Invertebrate Morphology, ICIM5, Vienna, August 8-12 Presidential talk Natalia M. Biserova: Morpho-functional evolution of the tapeworms Morpho-functional evolution of the tapeworms Natalia M. Biserova, Dr Sc Prof New methods of microscopy and structures visualization lead to an ever-closer interaction of morphology with molecular and functional biology of invertebrates. The functional morphology of invertebrates remains an important trend that can show the whole organism, the beauty of its form in unity with its biology and functional specificity. Parasites have a worldwide distribution and lead a hidden lifestyle; therefore, they remain the least studied in biodiversity, in terms of behavior, life strategies and morphology. Historically, cestodes have received less attention than nematodes and trematodes. Based on modern technologies, I show in my talk new facts regarding the morpho-functional organization of cestodes and the direction of evolution in various groups of tapeworms. Microtriches are an apomorphy of tapeworms. The morpho-functional differentiation of microtriches has been established; a huge variety of microtrix forms is associated with specialization in two main directions: a) trophic/membrane digestion, absorption, b) mechanical-locomotor/attachment. The trend in the evolution of diphyllobothriids can be traced as hypertrophy of the frontal glands and the formation of the neuroglandular brain. This helps the plerocercoids to move through the muscle layers of intermediate hosts, ensure the successful behavior of the larvae, the invasion of multiple hosts through food chains and entry into the intestines of the definitive host for reproduction. The progressive evolution of the brain in parasitic animals will be shown using the example of cestodes. Cestodes excretory system evolves in the direction of complication of the canal system architecture, different parts of which are specialized to perform various physiological functions. The active role of cyrtocytes in the circulation of signaling molecules will be proven. New information about the filtration mechanism and the method of excretion will be demonstrated. This study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 15-04-02645; 15-29-02684ofi-m; 19-34-90047; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project no. (№16-1-21).