ИСТИНА

The introduction of fiscal instruments into DICE model is considered in order to smooth the transition to low-carbon economy and to improve the intergenerational fairness. Namely, we introduce green bonds and taxation for possibility of wealth redistribution in order to pay for the mitigation efforts. The two modeling assumptions are explored: the internal debt and the external debt. While modeling internal debt, we use a portfolio approach for households that allows for them to choose the optimal proportion between bonds and capital investments. We obtain via theoretical investigation and model simulation that the external debt may help improvement of intergenerational fairness with respect to optimal DICE scenario. The internal debt does not however lead to improvement of intergenerational fairness but provides the incentives for investing in CO2 abatement and helps to smooth a carbon tax.